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Description: |
| Most of the patents prior to 1836 were lost in the Dec. 1836 fire. Only about 2,000 of the almost 10,000 documents were recovered. Little is known about this patent. Only the patent drawing is available. This patent is in the database for reference only.
“This improvement in constructing the machinery for spinning, and in spinning cotton yarns and roping, consists of a short conical, running cap, the shape of which is similar to that of a tunnel with its nose downwards, hung and supported at the top of a live or running spindle. The use and functions of this cap, are, to keep the yarn and roping at a proper distance from the bobbin; also, to direct and distribute it thereon. The yarn is not connected with the cap, as in the common flyers, but it is allowed to revolve around the surface of said cap, yielding to the resistance of the atmosphere, causing it to fall back of the cap, and wind on the spool or bobbin, the lower edge of the cap being the guide. The cap should be placed near to the guide wire, so that as little length of the yarn or roping as possible be exposed to the atmosphere. The nose, or shank, of said cap is penetrated by the top of the spindle, which nicely fits it, and is held fast to its place by a screw, or a pin and slot; similar to the common method of fastening a bayonet to the end of a musket, or by a catch like that of a bit stock, or in any other suitable way. The following dimensions are suitable for spinning, on a weaver's, or shuttle bobbin; and when other bobbins are used, the dimensions must be varied to suit them. The whole length of the cap, from the top of its nose, or shank, to the lower edge of its conical part, or brim, should be about two and three-quarter inches, and the length, or depth, of the conical part about one inch. The diameter of its brim should be about an inch and one-quarter. The hole, or cavity, of said cap, after leaving the conical part, should be larger than the bobbin shaft, (which is hereafter described,) and continue of an equal diameter about the distance of an inch and a quarter, in which the top of said shaft will traverse, and the remainder of the nose above is nicely fitted to the top of the spindle, as above described. At the top of the conical part of its cavity are fixed a set of pins, say four, projecting inwards, so that their ends reach the spindle, for purposes hereinafter described. The thickness of the cap should be about the eighth of an inch; said cap may be made of iron, or any hard suitable metal. The spindle, and its situation in the frame, is like that of the common throsel, receiving its motion from the same source as that of the throsel spindle. The length of the spindle above the upper bearing, may be according to the desired length of the bobbin, which for a common shuttle, or weaver's bobbin, ought to be about seven inches. The bobbin (the body or shaft of which is a tube of thin sheet iron, or brass, or tin, or may be, wood) traverses on the spindle, and turns, with it. Said shaft is smooth on the outside, and its head moveable on its body. The upper end of said body, or shaft, which will remain in the cap, has in it four slots, or mortises, extending down and running parallel with the spindle; in these mortises the aforesaid pins traverse; or, in other words, the mortises give liberty for the bobbin to traverse on the spindle. The pins assist in crowding, or pressing, the yarn or roping down the bobbin; they also compel the bobbin to turn with the spindle. In the commencement of filling the bobbin, the head is slipped up to the top of its body, (which will be in the cap,) and by means of a spring fixed in the head, and crowding against the body, holds said head wherever it is placed. The head, together with the roll of yarn or roping, is crowded down the bobbin as fast as it fills with yarn—this is effected by the conical point of the roll of yarn, or roping, crowding within and against the conical sides of the cap at every vibration, or elevation, of the bobbin, alternately condensing the yarn or roping, and crowding it down the bobbin, until the bobbin is filled the whole length-the bottom of said body, or shaft, will set on the vibrating rail (or lifter, so called,) and will vibrate for the purpose of forming the said spire or roll of yarn, or roping. Said roll, or spire, may be slipped off from said bobbin, and placed on another of the ordinary kind, or on to a suitable tongue that may belong to the shuttle, and save the expense of fixing more than one set of bobbins in the above described manner. The bobbin, spindle, and cap, all run together, each one performing the same number of revolutions. It is necessary that there should be something to check, or obstruct, the progress of the yarn while revolving, such as the fibres of woolen cloth, or the pressure of a gentle spring touching the said cap. The use of this is to produce a friction on the yarn, causing it to fall back of the cap, and wind tighter on the bobbin; also to prevent the yarn from catching, and winding round said cap. From a number of different ways in which this can be effected, I have selected the following, viz: a thin, flat ring or plate, of iron, brass, wood, or any other suitable substance; the diameter of the hole through it, should be the same with that of the cavity of the cap at the brim, and the diameter of its outer circle, or whole substance, should be greater than that of the outside, or brim of the cap. The flat surface on the upper side of said ring, plate, should be smooth, or may be covered with cloth, leather, velvet or any other suitable substance; said ring, or plate, is situated under the broad brim of said сар and its upper surface is pressed lightly, against the lower flat surface of the cap, by a light spring, or weight. Between these two surfaces the yarn revolves, and by increasing or decreasing the pressure, the yarn is made to wind tighter, or not so tight, on the bobbin. Said ring has a broad, a thin, elastic arm, or shank, belonging to it, which acts as the spring to press said ring against the cap, and by which the ring is confined to a rail that stretches along the frame, back of the spindles. It is necessary that the ring, or plate, be open in front, so as to give the yarn a free passage to the cap. To mend, or piece, the yarn, the following rules should be observed; the spindle is stopped by taking hold of it below the upper bearing, with one hand, while, with the other, the cap is lifted off, and held between the fingers; and with the thumb and forefinger of the same hand a sufficient length of yarn is drawn from the bobbin, and then the cap is replaced on the spindle, and the yarn cast into the guide wire, and the hand withdrawn from the spindle, and the thread pieced—or, instead of lifting the cap off from the spindle, for the purpose of piecing the yarn, it may be done as follows, viz: the lifter on which the bobbin, or the bobbin's shaft, or body, sets, may be a spring, or may be constructed with a joint, and a handle in front, which can be taken hold of and pressed down, bringing the point of the 'roll of yarn, or roping, below the upper end of said shaft, or body, below the above mentioned pins, which will allow the bobbin to turn on the spindle, $o that the yarn can be drawn off and pieced. When the said lifter is pressed down, it may come in contact with the spindle, and stop it, while the yarn is put in readiness to piece—or said lifter may be held up to its place by a spring catch, and when the catch is withdrawn, the lifter will fall, giving the same opportunity to piece the yarn as above described. What I claim in this improvement as my invention, and in which I desire an exclusive property, is—the short, conical running cap, and the peculiar manner in which the yarn is conducted to the bobbin
the moveable head above described the method of condensing the yarn, or roping, by. crowding it into the cap, as above described--the method of beginning at the top, or point, of the bobbin to fill it, as above described—the crowding or slipping, the roll, or spire, of yarn or roping, down the bobbin as it fills-also the above described manner of producing a friction on the yarn that causes it to wind tighter on the bobbin—and the application of all, or any, of the above stated improvements to any kind of spinning where they may be useful.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE.
A. The spindle.
B. The whorl.
C. the step.
D. The box that forms the upper bearing to the spindle.
E. The end of the vibrating rail.
F. The lifter.
G. A pin which has in it a notch that holds the lifter up to its place.
N. A pin that is confined to one end of a slide, or spring catch, that works under the lifter, the under end of which catches in the above-mentioned notch, holding the lifter up to its place.
I. The shaft, or body of the bobbin.
J. The head of the bobbin, which is moveable on its body.
K. The ring, or plate, that presses up against the cap and yarn, causing the yarn to wind tighter on the bobbin.
L. The running cap.
M. The guide wire.
The yarn is seen upon, and extending above, the bobbin.”
Journal of the Franklin Institute Vol. 5, Aug. 1829 pgs. 130-132
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