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Description: |
| Abstract:
This invention relates to the general class of gas-engines, and particularly to gas-engines, of that type in which the charge is compressed in the motor-cylinder before ignition. The increased efficiency of engines of this type over those in which there is no compression of the charge is Well known, and theoretically the efficiency should increase with increased compression. It has been generally held, however, that the practical limit in this-direction has been reached because, with the increase in bulk and Weight of parts supposed to be required by the greater strains attending increase of compression the friction of the moving parts and consequently the negative work of the engine increase more rapidly than the efficiency. On the other hand, investigation has shown that it might be possible to prevent the relatively rapid increase of negative work above alluded to and thereby to obtain, in part at least, the theoretical advantage due to an increase of compression. In the present engine the forward movement of the piston is made against the resistance of an elastic medium which is interposed between the piston or some part connected therewith and a suitable rigid land unyielding abutment whereby the strains upon the moving parts, such as the thrust upon the crank and the friction on the cross-head or slide are relieved, and the energy which is stored in the medium by the forward stroke of the piston is imparted again to the piston on its return stroke.
The desired effect is most conveniently and effectively secured by maintaining a constant fluid pressure, above atmospheric pressure against the front side of the piston, for which purpose the front end of the motor-cylinder is formed with or communicates with a closed chamber filled with gas or air. The pressure within the chamber is practically constant (assuming the piston to be at rest) and the best results will be obtained when it is somewhat greater than the pressure upon the compressed charge. A further important result is secured by causing the pressure to be exerted upon the front end of the piston within the cylinder, in that the tendency to leakage between the piston and the walls of the cylinder is reduced to an extent corresponding to the degree of the pressure in the front end of the cylinder.
Claims:
1. In a gas engine, the combination of a motor cylinder, a second or pump cylinder in line with the first, pistons in said cylinders connected to move together and a conductor through which the charge is forced from the pressure chamber of the pump cylinder and is delivered into the motor cylinder through the motor piston, substantially as shown and described.
2. In a gas engine, the combination of a motor cylinder, a piston having a port therein, a hollow piston rod, a second cylinder in line with the first, a second piston fixed to said rod and adapted to move in said second cylinder, said hollow rod having inlet ports in advance of the second piston, and a chamber communicating with the forward end of the second cylinder and having an inwardly opening port, substantially as shown and described.
3. In a gas engine, the combination of a motor cylinder, a piston having a port therein, a chamber communicating with the enclosed space in front of the piston and tightly closed to prevent reduction of pressure by escape of its contents, a second cylinder in line with the first, a second piston connected to the first and adapted to move in said second cylinder, said pistons being connected by a conductor having inlet ports, and an inwardly opening valve to permit the admission of gas to said second cylinder, substantially as shown and described.
4. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port at its rear end and having its forward end tightly closed, a hollow piston rod passed through the front end of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder perforations communicating with said port whereby the incoming charge is evenly distributed, and means to introduce the charge into the hollow piston rod, substantially as shown and described.
5. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, said piston having a single port formed through it and said single port having two valve-seats formed in its f walls, a valve plug adapted to rest upon the innermost seat and an independent valve plug having a stem entered in `and guided by the first valve plug and adapted to rest upon the second valve-seat, both of said valve plugs opening in the same direction, substantially as shown and described.
6. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, said piston having a single port formed through it and said single port having two seats formed in its walls, and a two-part valve in said port, one part independent of and covering the other, and opening in the same direction, and each part adapted to close said single port, substantially as shown and described.
7. The combination of a motor cylinder, a piston having a port therein, an independent pump cylinder, means to conduct the charge from the pump cylinder to the port in the piston, and wire gauze interposed between the port and the conductor to prevent lighting back, substantially as shown and described
8. In a gas engine, the combination of a motor cylinder having at its end behind the piston an exhaust port for the burned gases, a tightly closed compression chamber communicating with the front end of said cylinder, and a pump cylinder communicating with the space behind the motor-piston for the delivery of the explosive charge thereto, whereby a fresh charge may be delivered under pressure to the motor-cylinder without necessitating openings through the wall of the motor-cylinder, which would reduce by leakage, the efficiency of the compression chamber, substantially as shown and described.
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