This is one of those axle nut wrenches that clamps the nut to the wheel, so they can be turned off and back on to the axle as a unit. The center pieces clamp on the axle nut. The outer pieces are then clamped against the inner rim of the wheel hub.
The LANCASTER (pat. no. 267,228), STAR (pat. no 837,493), and HAYES (pat. no. 870,031) are other wrenches working on the same general principle.