GB Patent: GB-186,300,945
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| Spanners and Wrenches; Combination Tools
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Patentees:
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| William Edward Newton (exact or similar names) - London, England |
| Louis Robert Victor Schwarzkopff (exact or similar names) - Berlin, Germany |
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Patent Dates:
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| Granted: |
Apr. 21, 1863 |
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Patent Pictures:
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L. Schwarzkopff patent registered April 21, 1863 - edited from "Abridgments of Specifications" |
Espacenet patent
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Stan Schulz
SCHWARZKOPFF'S SPANNER (edited ) - FLICKR
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Description: |
| Self-adjusting wrench design; corresponding U.S. patent 42,903 was granted May 24, 1864. W. E. Newton was a British patent agent. German technical journals of the period discuss the wrench and note it was produced in three sizes in Germany. The entry for Robert Crookes & Co. (Argus Works) on pg. 47, vol. 2 of Ron Geesin's THE ADJUSTABLE SPANNER discusses Schwarzkopff's spanner in historical context, and provides his full name.
A known German example marked "PATENT L. SCHWARZKOPFF BERLIN" may have the "link" connector described in this patent, or an alternative "gear" connector shown in 1863-1864 technical journal articles about "Schwarzkopff's Universal-Schraubenschlussel." (Bavarian patent issued in 1862)
(German patents prior to German "unification" in the early 1870s are a patchwork of actions in the previous governmental jurisdictions. (An 1863 "Braunschweig" patent issed to Schwarzkopff does not include a drawing in the official record.)
Produced by the Argus Works (Robert Crookes) of Sheffield as SCHWARZKOPF'S ADJUSTING SPANNER. A modification of the handle structure to allow locking the adjustment was registered Feb. 19, 1885.
Note: Early British patents (pre 1916) were numbered by the year and started at patent #1 at the start of each year in January. The patent # used in DATAMP represents the year of registration and the patent #, with "leading zeros" interposed to make the number total nine digits. This patent is #945 of the year 1863. |
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