US Patent: 677,443
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| Photographic Roll Holder
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Patentee:
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| George Eastman (exact or similar names) - Rochester, Monroe County, NY |
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Patent Dates:
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| Applied: |
Aug. 23, 1897 |
| Granted: |
Jul. 02, 1901 |
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Patent Pictures:
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Joel Havens
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Description: |
| Abstract:
My invention has for its object to provide an improved roll-holder for use in connection with photographic cameras for holding rolls or spools of film, known as "cartridge-rolls" that is to say, those adapted to be placed within a camera or roll-holder in daylight- and consisting of a strip of flexible sensitive film, preferably transparent, and a strip of black paper or similar material wound with the film upon the spool or roll and adapted to cover or protect the back of the film while it is in the camera, the longer ends of the black paper, which are wrapped around the spool or complete package, covering the film and protecting it from light-before and after exposure. In the use of spools or rolls of film of this character it has been customary to locate the spools in the camera or holder forward of the back of the exposing chamber or aperture so that the face of the film would be in contact with the edges of said aperture while being wound from one spool to the other, as shown, for instance, in United States Letters Patent No.579,949, to F. A. Brownell, dated April 6, 1897. When the film is used in this manner, there is little or no difficulty in properly rolling and unrolling the spools, because the film itself is in con- 40o tact with the frame or surface, tending to retard it, and the film is drawn directly upon the winding spool or reel and kept fiat against the edge of the exposing-aperture, and it matters very little whether or" not the black covering-paper moves at precisely the same speed as the film-that is, the paper may be and usually is loose at the back of the film or between one spool and the other. While this form of apparatus will work well, great difficulty has been experienced in using the cartridge-rolls in holders in which the table or support for holding the film during exposure is forward-i. e., toward the lens-of the spools themselves, because in using the film- cartridges of the ordinary construction and in the usual manner, the black paper is upon the exterior of both the winding and supply spools and, in this form of holder, is alone in contact with the surface of the table or support and draws over the edges thereof, said paper taking both the drawing and retarding strains and leaving the film loose and not strained or held tat upon the paper and sup- port, and portions thereof are liable to be out of focus. The objection is of course accentuated as the film and paper are wound upon the receiving-spool, and the result is that the film and paper do not wind evenly on said spool and one or both are liable to become wrinkled and creased, causing a variation in the movement of the tension on the edges of both the film and paper at the ends of the spool, and when the tension is not equal at both ends of the spool the film and paper will wind on the receiving roller or reel crooked, and having once started in this way in a very short time it will overlap the flange of the spool or catch in the front frame of the holder, or both, and become torn at the edges. Furthermore, the film and paper being of different materials are liable to variations, due to atmospheric and other conditions, so that it is unsafe to rely upon their proper operation in the roll-holder when wound and drawn in the manner indicated.
Claim:
In a photographic-roll holder, the combination with the casing having the front opening, of the film-support having the aperture therein, the receiving and supply spool chambers in rear of the support, and near opposite ends thereof, spool centering and holding devices in the chambers, a ratchet-wheel connected to the centering device in the winding-spool chamber, and a pawl preventing its rotation toward the edge of the support, substantially as described, of the film-support having the observation-aperture therein, the winding and supply spool-chambers in rear of the support, and spool-centering devices in the spool-chambers. |
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